Explain Like I'm 5 (ELI5)

Objective and layman-accessible explanations, not answers aimed at literal five-year-olds.

 

ELI5: Since our bodies aren’t 100% efficient at absorbing nutrients from food, wouldn’t the nutritional information found on most food packaging be inaccurate, as not all of the calories, protein etc. are absorbed?

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ELI5: Why do we lose Appetite when we are anxious/Nervous?

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Always happens and it would be awesome to dig a bit into the science of it as well.

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ELI5: Encryption and decryption with prime number factorisation

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I’m really good at math and I have a decent grasp of computer science. I understand that multiplying two prime numbers to get a huge number is easy, but checking out if a huge number has only two prime factors is a monumental task for a computer. What I don’t get is how this is used for encryption and coding and decoding messages. I keep reading about this in books and they keep talking about how one side is the key or whatever but they never really explained how it all works. Every book seems to love explaining the whole large-numbers-take-a-lot-of-time-to-factorise concept but not how it actually works in encryption. I understand basic message coding–switch around the alphabet, add steps that changes a message into a mess of letters; then the recipient has to do all those steps backwards to change it back. How do prime numbers and huge numbers fit into this? How does knowing a pair of factors enable me to code a message and how does knowing the product enable my recipient to decode it?

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Why do we switch over to other mammals milk, instead of sticking with breast milk, if it is made specifically for humans? Wouldn’t it be better for us, then say cows milk?

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Why do we continually need to search for new porn to arouse us? What exactly is it that eventually drains all previous porn off its original arousability?

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